The Romans settled on the location of the present town on a strip of terrace cut with channels. Near one of them, orthogonal trenches seem to indicate the presence of a first building made of wood and earth. These trenches were filled in and covered with silt from overflows which show that there were frequent floods which perhaps destroyed the first development of the site. On this alluvial soil, new trenches of walls, always of light materials, were dug following the same orthogonal plan. The building seems to have been used for military purposes as it was inside the supposed area of the camp known as that of Tiberius. Findings from the trenches and the floors and the hearths that have remained date this second occupation of the site from the Claudian epoch (41 to 54 AD).
The camp of the legio VIII Augusta at Argentorate
On line since September 19, 2009 · Updated September 19, 2009
In the centre of Strasbourg, in the courtyard of the previous annexe of the Music Conservatory, at 4, rue Brülée, the Town of Strasbourg is building an amphitheatre for the new Regional School of Lawyers of the Grand Est. Archaeological excavations were carried out from March to September 2008 over an area of 400m2 and to a depth of 6 metres. They have brought to light important details of the infrastructure of the Roman legionary camp which was at the origin of the mediaeval and contemporary town.

The context of the excavation
The courtyard is within the emplacement of the legionary camp of the Legio VIII Augusta (VIIIth Legion of Augustus) which was transferred circa 90 AD from Mirebeau, (Côte-d'Or department) to Strasbourg where it was to remain until the end of the Roman presence in Alsace. The outline of this camp, covering an area of nearly 20 hectares, is fairly well known. It came after a hypothetical camp of about 6 hectares which probably dated from the Tiberian epoch (14-37 AD).
The first Roman installations
The infrastructure of the legio VIII Augusta
After 80 AD, a thick layer of silt, clay and gravel, carried onto the remains of these first developments were used to level, improve and prepare the land for the installation of the legionary camp of the legio VIII Augusta.
A four metre wide antique street has been brought to light. It was the first road parallel to the via sagularis (road encircling the interior of the camp), of which the known trace is found at about thirty metres. On the side of the street there is a building with a doorway. Covering more that 220 m 2 and including more that fifteen identified rooms this building is so large that it continues outside the present courtyard. Some of the rooms have hearths and floors made of mortar or of terrazzo (mortar made from tiles). Built at the end of the 1st century AD, it was completely refurbished at a date to be determined, as is its function. Nonetheless the presence of a batch of metallic pieces linked to cavalry equipment has been recorded. Did this building house the cavalry of the legion (workshop, barracks …)?
A four metre wide antique street has been brought to light. It was the first road parallel to the via sagularis (road encircling the interior of the camp), of which the known trace is found at about thirty metres. On the side of the street there is a building with a doorway. Covering more that 220 m 2 and including more that fifteen identified rooms this building is so large that it continues outside the present courtyard. Some of the rooms have hearths and floors made of mortar or of terrazzo (mortar made from tiles). Built at the end of the 1st century AD, it was completely refurbished at a date to be determined, as is its function. Nonetheless the presence of a batch of metallic pieces linked to cavalry equipment has been recorded. Did this building house the cavalry of the legion (workshop, barracks …)?
Remains from the Middle Ages
It was not until the 11th century that building materials from the refurbishment of the Roman building were used. The half-buried foundations of two houses followed the Roman plan. The medieval development seem thus to have followed the general plan of this orthogonal cadastre. Among these remains, have been found, apart from two houses and several ditches, three latrines and two water wells, all containing important remains: pottery, wooden recipients, cooking pots, tiles, small everyday life objects, animal bones many of which show traces of butchering.
Modern remains
A stone and brick cellar, two brick latrines and a separation wall, all orientated according to the Roman cadastre, constitute the remains dating from the 15th or early 16th centuries. After several renovations, the last one shortly after 1850, the house above the cellar was completely levelled to make place for the construction of the present building which housed the "Stadtbauamt" of the Town of Strasbourg, i.e. the municipal services of the German administration.
Developer
Town of Strasbourg
Site director
Gertrud Kuhnle, Inrap
Scientific control
Regional Archaeological Service, Alsace

Voir l'album photos
Excavation of the inner courtyard of the former Conservatory of Strasbourg, 4, rue Brûlée.
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Excavation of the inner courtyard of the former Conservatory of Strasbourg, 4, rue Brûlée.© Inrap -
Brick and stone cellar dating from 15th or early 16th century.© Inrap -
Medieval well.© Inrap
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Latrines and water well during excavation.© Inrap
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The building of more than 15 rooms, dating from the legio VIII Augusta.© Inrap
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Hearth on a terrazzo floor (mortar made of tiles) and the building dating from the legio VIII Augusta.© Inrap
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Basement of one of the walls of the building dating from the legio VIII Augusta, made up of a slab of tiles.© Inrap
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Collapsed wall of earth bricks of the building dating from the legio VIII Augusta.© Inrap
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Wall paintings dating from the legio VIII Augusta.© Inrap

